Mitsubishi A6. M Zero - Wikipedia. The Mitsubishi A6. M "Zero" is a long- range fighter aircraft, manufactured by Mitsubishi Aircraft Company, a part of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1. The A6. M was designated as the Mitsubishi Navy Type 0 carrier fighter(零式艦上戦闘機,rei- shiki- kanjō- sentōki), or the Mitsubishi A6. M Rei- sen. The A6. M was usually referred to by its pilots as the "Reisen" (zero fighter), "0" being the last digit of the imperial year 2. Imperial Navy. The official Allied reporting name was "Zeke", although the use of the name "Zero" was later adopted by the Allies as well.

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When it was introduced early in World War II, the Zero was considered the most capable carrier- based fighter in the world, combining excellent maneuverability and very long range.[2] The Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service (IJNAS) also frequently used it as a land- based fighter. In early combat operations, the Zero gained a legendary reputation as a dogfighter,[3] achieving an outstanding kill ratio of 1. Allied pilots to engage the Zero on generally equal terms.[5] By 1. Zero became less effective against newer Allied fighters, which possessed greater firepower, armor, and speed, and approached the Zero's maneuverability. Although the Mitsubishi A6. M was outdated by 1.

Japanese aircraft types meant that it continued to serve in a front line role until the end of the war. During the final year of the war in the Pacific, the Zero was also adapted for use in kamikaze operations.[6] During the course of the war, Japan produced more Zeros than any other model of combat aircraft.[7]Design and development[edit]The Mitsubishi A5.

M fighter was just entering service in early 1. Imperial Japanese Navy started looking for its eventual replacement. On October 5, 1. 93.

Planning Requirements for the Prototype 1. Carrier- based Fighter", sending it to Nakajima and Mitsubishi. Both firms started preliminary design work while they awaited more definitive requirements to be handed over in a few months.[8]Based on the experiences of the A5. M in China, the IJN sent out updated requirements in October calling for a speed of 6.

With drop tanks, they wanted an endurance of two hours at normal power, or six to eight hours at economical cruising speed. Armament was to consist of two 2. A complete radio set was to be mounted in all aircraft, along with a radio direction finder for long- range navigation. The maneuverability was to be at least equal to that of the A5. Watch Lily &Amp; Kat Online Facebook.

M, while the wingspan had to be less than 1. All this was to be achieved with available engines, a significant design limitation.[citation needed]Nakajima's team considered the new requirements unachievable and pulled out of the competition in January. Mitsubishi's chief designer, Jiro Horikoshi, thought that the requirements could be met, but only if the aircraft were made as light as possible. Every possible weight- saving measure was incorporated into the design. Most of the aircraft was built of a new top- secret aluminium alloy developed by Sumitomo Metal Industries in 1. Called "extra super duralumin" (ESD), it was lighter, stronger and more ductile than other alloys (e.

S alloy) used at the time, but was prone to corrosive attack, which made it brittle.[9] This detrimental effect was countered with an anti- corrosion coating applied after fabrication. No armour protection was provided for the pilot, engine or other critical points of the aircraft, and self- sealing fuel tanks, which were becoming common at the time, were not used.

This made the Zero lighter, more maneuverable, and the longest- ranged single- engine fighter of World War II, which made it capable of searching out an enemy hundreds of kilometres away, bringing them to battle, then returning to its base or aircraft carrier. However, that tradeoff in weight and construction also made it prone to catching fire and exploding when struck by enemy rounds.[1. With its low- wing cantilevermonoplane layout, retractable, wide- set conventional landing gear and enclosed cockpit, the Zero was one of the most modern carrier based aircraft in the world at the time of its introduction.

It had a fairly high- lift, low- speed wing with very low wing loading. This, combined with its light weight, resulted in a very low stalling speed of well below 6. This was the main reason for its phenomenal maneuverability, allowing it to out- turn any Allied fighter of the time. Early models were fitted with servo tabs on the ailerons after pilots complained that control forces became too heavy at speeds above 3. They were discontinued on later models after it was found that the lightened control forces were causing pilots to overstress the wings during vigorous maneuvers.[1. It has been claimed that the Zero's design showed a clear influence from British and American fighter aircraft and components exported to Japan in the 1.

American side, the Vought V- 1. Chance Vought had sold the prototype for this aircraft and its plans to Japan in 1. Eugene Wilson, president of Vought, claimed that when shown a captured Zero in 1. There on the floor was the Vought V 1.

Japanese- made", while the "power- plant installation was distinctly Chance Vought, the wheel stowage into the wing roots came from Northrop, and the Japanese designers had even copied the Navy inspection stamp from Pratt & Whitney type parts."[1. While the sale of the V- 1. Wilson later acknowledged the conflicts of interest that can arise whenever military technology is exported.[1.

Counterclaims maintain that there was no significant relationship between the V- 1. U. S. Army Air Corps and several export customers) and the Zero, with only a superficial similarity in layout. The Zero resembled the 1. British Gloster F. Performance of the Gloster F.

Zeros, with its dimensions and appearance remarkably close to the Zero.[1. Gloster had a relationship with the Japanese between the wars, with Nakajima building the carrier- based plane, the Gloster Gambet, under license.[1.

However allegations about the Zero being a copy have been discredited by some authors.[1. The A6. M is usually known as the "Zero" from its Japanese Navy type designation, Type 0 carrier fighter (Rei shiki Kanjō sentōki, 零式艦上戦闘機), taken from the last digit of the Imperial year 2. Watch Fire Birds Dailymotion. In Japan, it was unofficially referred to as both Rei- sen and Zero- sen; Japanese pilots most commonly called it Zero- sen, where sen is the first syllable of sentōki, Japanese for "fighter plane".[Note 1][1.

In the official designation "A6. M", the "A" signified a carrier- based fighter, "6" meant it was the sixth such model built for the Imperial Navy, and "M" indicated the manufacturer, Mitsubishi. The official Allied code name was "Zeke", in keeping with the practice of giving male names to Japanese fighters, female names to bombers, bird names to gliders, and tree names to trainers. Zeke" was part of the first batch of "hillbilly" code names assigned by Captain Frank T. Mc. Coy of Nashville, Tennessee, (assigned to the Allied Technical Air Intelligence Unit (ATAIU) at Eagle Farm Airport in Australia), who wanted quick, distinctive, easy- to- remember names.

When, in 1. 94. 2, the Allied code for Japanese aircraft was introduced, he logically chose "Zeke" for the "Zero". Later, two variants of the fighter received their own code names: the Nakajima A6. M2- N (floatplane version of the Zero) was called "Rufe" and the A6. M3- 3. 2 variant was initially called "Hap". After objections from General "Hap" Arnold, commander of the USAAF, the name was changed to "Hamp".

When captured examples were examined in New Guinea, it was realized it was a variant of the Zero and finally renamed "Zeke 3. Operational history[edit]. Mitsubishi A6. M2 "Zero" Model 2.

Akagi, to attack Pearl Harbor. The cockpit (starboard console) of an A6. M2 which crashed into Building 5. Fort Kamehameha during the attack on Pearl Harbor, killing the pilot. Mitsubishi A6. M3 Zero wreck abandoned at Munda Airfield, Central Solomons, 1.